当涉及到跨进程甚至是跨域传输数据的时候，我们需要把对象序列化和反序列化。
首先可以使用Serializable特性。
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[Serializable] public class Person { public string _firstName; public string _secondName; //序列化 [OnSerializing] internal void OnSerializing(StreamingContext context) { _firstName = _firstName.ToUpper(); _secondName = _secondName.ToUpper(); } //反序列化 [OnDeserialized] internal void OnDeserialized(StreamingContext context) { _firstName = _firstName.ToLower(); _secondName = _secondName.ToLower(); } } |
当然，也可以实现ISerializable接口。在接口方法GetObjectData完成序列化，把信息保存到SerializationInfo中，在构造函数中反序列化，把信息从SerializationInfo中读取出来。
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[Serializable] public class Person : ISerializable { public string _firstName; public string _secondName; public Person() {
} //反序列化 public Person(SerializationInfo si, StreamingContext context) { _firstName = si.GetString("first").ToLower(); _secondName = si.GetString("second").ToLower(); } //序列化 public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("first", _firstName.ToUpper()); info.AddValue("second",_secondName.ToUpper()); } } |
对序列化和反序列化对象进行版本控制
下面的类，描述了对象的第一个版本。
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[Serializable] public class SomeClass : ISerializable { private int a; public SomeClass(){} public SomeClass(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { a = info.GetInt32("myval"); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("VERSION",1); info.AddValue("myval", a); } } |
现在SomeClass要增加一个私有字段，成为版本二。
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[Serializable] public class SomeClass : ISerializable { private int a; private string b; public SomeClass(){} public SomeClass(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { int VERSION = info.GetInt32("VERSION"); a = info.GetInt32("a"); if(VERSION > 1) { b = info.GetString("another"); } else { b = "默认值"; } } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("VERSION",2); info.AddValue("myval", a); info.AddValue("another", b); } } |
把集合对象序列化到文件并反序列化读出
如果一个集合对象需要实现序列化和反序列化，那么集合元素对象必须可以被序列化和反序列化，并且集合元素对象中的对象属性也必须可以被序列化和反序列化，依此类推。
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[Serializable] public class Car : ISerializable { private string _model; private int _year; private Owner _owner; public Car() {
} public Car(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { this._model = (string) info.GetValue("Model", typeof (string)); this._year = (int) info.GetValue("Year", typeof (int)); this._owner = (Owner) info.GetValue("Owner", typeof (Owner)); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Model",this._model); info.AddValue("Year", this._year); info.AddValue("Owner", this._owner); } } [Serializable] public class Owner : ISerializable { private string _name; public Owner() {
} public Owner(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { this._name = (string) info.GetValue("Name", typeof (string)); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Name", this._name); } } |
以上，我们想序列化Car的集合到文件中，再反序列化Cars的集合读取出来。那么，我们必须让Car可以被序列化和反序列化，Car的属性对象Owner也必须可以被序列化和反序列化。
接着，用来封装Car集合的一个类。
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[Serializable] public class CarsList : ISerializable { private List<Car> _cars; public List<Car> Cars { get { return this._cars; } set { this._cars = value; } } public CarsList() {
} public CarsList(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { this._cars = (List<Car>) info.GetValue("Cars", typeof (List<Car>)); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Cars", this._cars); } } |
针对CarsList写一个序列化和反序列化的帮助类。
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public class SerializerHelper { public SerializerHelper() {
} //序列化 public void SerializeObject(string fileName, CarsList carsList) { //根据文件名打开流 Stream stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.Create); BinaryFormatter bFormatter = new BinaryFormatter(); //把对象序列化到流中 bFormatter.Serialize(stream,carsList); stream.Close(); } //反序列化 public CarsList DeserializeObject(string fileName) { CarsList carsList; //根据文件名打开流 Stream stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open); BinaryFormatter bfFormatter = new BinaryFormatter(); carsList = (CarsList)bfFormatter.Deserialize(stream); stream.Close(); return carsList; } } |
在客户端按如下调用：
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static void Main(string[] args) { List<Car> cars = new List<Car>(); CarsList carsList = new CarsList(); carsList.Cars = cars; SerializerHelper serializerHelper = new SerializerHelper(); serializerHelper.SerializeObject(@"temp.txt", carsList); carsList = serializerHelper.DeserializeObject(@"temp.txt"); cars = carsList.Cars; } |
