Linux查看硬件信息常用命令有哪些

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[root@localhost ~]# lshw -h

Hardware Lister (lshw) - B.02.18

usage: lshw [-format] [-options ...]

       lshw -version

    -version        print program version (B.02.18)

format can be

    -html           output hardware tree as HTML

    -xml            output hardware tree as XML

    -json           output hardware tree as a JSON object

    -short          output hardware paths

    -businfo        output bus information

options can be

    -dump filename  displays output and dump collected information into a file (SQLite database)

    -class CLASS    only show a certain class of hardware

    -C CLASS        same as '-class CLASS'

    -c CLASS        same as '-class CLASS'

    -disable TEST   disable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )

    -enable TEST    enable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )

    -quiet          don't display status

    -sanitize       sanitize output (remove sensitive information like serial numbers, etc.)

    -numeric        output numeric IDs (for PCI, USB, etc.)

    -notime         exclude volatile attributes (timestamps) from output

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# lspci

-bash: lspci: 未找到命令

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[root@localhost ~]# yum install pciutils

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

正在解决依赖关系

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 pciutils.x86_64.0.3.5.1-3.el7 将被 安装

--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

===============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

 Package                                               架构                                                版本                                                        源                                                 大小

===============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

正在安装:

 pciutils                                              x86_64                                              3.5.1-3.el7                                                 base                                               93 k

事务概要

===============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

安装  1 软件包

总下载量：93 k

安装大小：196 k

Is this ok [y/d/N]:

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[root@localhost ~]# lspci

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge (rev 01)

00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 01)

00:07.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ISA (rev 08)

00:07.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)

00:07.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 08)

00:07.7 System peripheral: VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (rev 10)

00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter

00:10.0 SCSI storage controller: Broadcom / LSI 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)

00:11.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI bridge (rev 02)

00:15.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:16.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:17.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:18.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

02:00.0 USB controller: VMware USB1.1 UHCI Controller

02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)

02:02.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq ES1371/ES1373 / Creative Labs CT2518 (rev 02)

02:03.0 USB controller: VMware USB2 EHCI Controller

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# lsusb

Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# dmidecode -h

Usage: dmidecode [OPTIONS]

Options are:

 -d, --dev-mem FILE     Read memory from device FILE (default: /dev/mem)

 -h, --help             Display this help text and exit

 -q, --quiet            Less verbose output

 -s, --string KEYWORD   Only display the value of the given DMI string

 -t, --type TYPE        Only display the entries of given type

 -H, --handle HANDLE    Only display the entry of given handle

 -u, --dump             Do not decode the entries

     --dump-bin FILE    Dump the DMI data to a binary file

     --from-dump FILE   Read the DMI data from a binary file

     --no-sysfs         Do not attempt to read DMI data from sysfs files

     --oem-string N     Only display the value of the given OEM string

 -V, --version          Display the version and exit

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[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

磁盘 /dev/sda：42.9 GB, 42949672960 字节，83886080 个扇区

Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节

I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

磁盘标签类型：dos

磁盘标识符：0x00095121

   设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux

/dev/sda2         2099200    83886079    40893440   8e  Linux LVM

磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-root：37.7 GB, 37706792960 字节，73646080 个扇区

Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节

I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap：4160 MB, 4160749568 字节，8126464 个扇区

Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节

I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# hdparm

hdparm - get/set hard disk parameters - version v9.43, by Mark Lord.

Usage:  hdparm  [options] [device ...]

Options:

 -a   Get/set fs readahead

 -A   Get/set the drive look-ahead flag (0/1)

 -b   Get/set bus state (0 == off, 1 == on, 2 == tristate)

 -B   Set Advanced Power Management setting (1-255)

 -c   Get/set IDE 32-bit IO setting

 -C   Check drive power mode status

 -d   Get/set using_dma flag

 -D   Enable/disable drive defect management

 -E   Set cd/dvd drive speed

 -f   Flush buffer cache for device on exit

 -F   Flush drive write cache

 -g   Display drive geometry

 -h   Display terse usage information

 -H   Read temperature from drive (Hitachi only)

 -i   Display drive identification

 -I   Detailed/current information directly from drive

 -J   Get/set Western DIgital "Idle3" timeout for a WDC "Green" drive (DANGEROUS)

 -k   Get/set keep_settings_over_reset flag (0/1)

 -K   Set drive keep_features_over_reset flag (0/1)

 -L   Set drive doorlock (0/1) (removable harddisks only)

 -m   Get/set multiple sector count

 -M   Get/set acoustic management (0-254, 128: quiet, 254: fast)

 -n   Get/set ignore-write-errors flag (0/1)

 -N   Get/set max visible number of sectors (HPA) (VERY DANGEROUS)

 -p   Set PIO mode on IDE interface chipset (0,1,2,3,4,...)

 -P   Set drive prefetch count

 -q   Change next setting quietly

 -Q   Get/set DMA queue_depth (if supported)

 -r   Get/set device readonly flag (DANGEROUS to set)

 -R   Get/set device write-read-verify flag

 -s   Set power-up in standby flag (0/1) (DANGEROUS)

 -S   Set standby (spindown) timeout

 -t   Perform device read timings

 -T   Perform cache read timings

 -u   Get/set unmaskirq flag (0/1)

 -U   Obsolete

 -v   Use defaults; same as -acdgkmur for IDE drives

 -V   Display program version and exit immediately

 -w   Perform device reset (DANGEROUS)

 -W   Get/set drive write-caching flag (0/1)

 -x   Obsolete

 -X   Set IDE xfer mode (DANGEROUS)

 -y   Put drive in standby mode

 -Y   Put drive to sleep

 -z   Re-read partition table

 -Z   Disable Seagate auto-powersaving mode

 --dco-freeze      Freeze/lock current device configuration until next power cycle

 --dco-identify    Read/dump device configuration identify data

 --dco-restore     Reset device configuration back to factory defaults

 --direct          Use O_DIRECT to bypass page cache for timings

 --drq-hsm-error   Crash system with a "stuck DRQ" error (VERY DANGEROUS)

 --fallocate       Create a file without writing data to disk

 --fibmap          Show device extents (and fragmentation) for a file

 --fwdownload            Download firmware file to drive (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)

 --fwdownload-mode3      Download firmware using min-size segments (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)

 --fwdownload-mode3-max  Download firmware using max-size segments (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)

 --fwdownload-mode7      Download firmware using a single segment (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)

 --idle-immediate  Idle drive immediately

 --idle-unload     Idle immediately and unload heads

 --Istdin          Read identify data from stdin as ASCII hex

 --Istdout         Write identify data to stdout as ASCII hex

 --make-bad-sector Deliberately corrupt a sector directly on the media (VERY DANGEROUS)

 --offset          use with -t, to begin timings at given offset (in GiB) from start of drive

 --prefer-ata12    Use 12-byte (instead of 16-byte) SAT commands when possible

 --read-sector     Read and dump (in hex) a sector directly from the media

 --repair-sector   Alias for the --write-sector option (VERY DANGEROUS)

 --security-help   Display help for ATA security commands

 --trim-sector-ranges        Tell SSD firmware to discard unneeded data sectors: lba:count ..

 --trim-sector-ranges-stdin  Same as above, but reads lba:count pairs from stdin

 --verbose         Display extra diagnostics from some commands

 --write-sector    Repair/overwrite a (possibly bad) sector directly on the media (VERY DANGEROUS)

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# yum install i2c-tools

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

正在解决依赖关系

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 i2c-tools.x86_64.0.3.1.0-13.el7 将被 安装

--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

 Package                                               架构                                               版本                                                        源                                                大小

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

正在安装:

 i2c-tools                                             x86_64                                             3.1.0-13.el7                                                base                                              71 k

事务概要

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================

安装  1 软件包

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[root@localhost ~]# i2cget

Usage: i2cget [-f] [-y] I2CBUS CHIP-ADDRESS [DATA-ADDRESS [MODE]]

  I2CBUS is an integer or an I2C bus name

  ADDRESS is an integer (0x03 - 0x77)

  MODE is one of:

    b (read byte data, default)

    w (read word data)

    c (write byte/read byte)

    Append p for SMBus PEC

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[root@localhost ~]# lscpu

Architecture:          x86_64

CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit

Byte Order:            Little Endian

CPU(s):                4

On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3

Thread(s) per core:    1

Core(s) per socket:    1

座：                 4

NUMA 节点：         1

厂商 ID：           GenuineIntel

CPU 系列：          6

型号：              151

型号名称：        12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-12500

步进：              5

CPU MHz：             2995.203

BogoMIPS：            5990.40

超管理器厂商：  VMware

虚拟化类型：     完全

L1d 缓存：          48K

L1i 缓存：          32K

L2 缓存：           1280K

L3 缓存：           18432K

NUMA 节点0 CPU：    0-3

Flags:                 fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon rep_good nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single ssbd rsb_ctxsw ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 arat umip pku ospke gfni vaes vpclmulqdq movdiri movdir64b md_clear spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d arch_capabilities

[root@localhost ~]#

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[root@localhost ~]# free -h

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available

Mem:           3.7G        690M        2.6G         11M        436M        2.8G

Swap:          3.9G          0B        3.9G

[root@localhost ~]#