介绍
itertools是python内置的模块,使用简单且功能强大,这里尝试汇总整理下,并提供简单应用示例;如果还不能满足你的要求,欢迎加入补充。
使用只需简单一句导入:import itertools
chain()
与其名称意义一样,给它一个列表如 lists/tuples/iterables,链接在一起;返回iterables对象。
letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
booleans = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]
print(list(itertools.chain(letters,booleans)))
# ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]
print(tuple(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:])))
# ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'd', 'e', 'f')
print(set(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:])))
# {'a', 'd', 'b', 'e', 'c', 'f'}
print(list(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:])))
# ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'd', 'e', 'f']
for item in list(itertools.chain(letters,booleans)):
print(item)
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i = 0
for item in itertools.count(100,2):
i += 1
if i > 10 : break
print(item)
filterfalse ()
Python filterfalse(contintion,data) 迭代过滤条件为false的数据。如果条件为空,返回data中为false的项;
booleans = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]
numbers = [23, 20, 44, 32, 7, 12]
print(list(itertools.filterfalse(None,booleans)))
# [0, 0, 0]
print(list(itertools.filterfalse(lambda x : x < 20,numbers)))
# [23, 20, 44, 32]
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print(list(itertools.compress(letters,booleans))) # ['a', 'c', 'f'] |
starmap(pow, [(2,5), (3,2), (10,3)]) --> 32 9 1000
>>> from itertools import *
>>> x = starmap(max,[[5,14,5],[2,34,6],[3,5,2]])
>>> for i in x:
>>> print (i)
14
34
5
repeat()
repeat(object[, times]) 重复times次;
repeat(10, 3) --> 10 10 10
dropwhile()
dropwhile(func, seq );当函数f执行返回假时, 开始迭代序列
dropwhile(lambda x: x<5, [1,4,6,4,1]) --> 6 4 1
takewhile()
takewhile(predicate, iterable);返回序列,当predicate为true是截止。
takewhile(lambda x: x<5, [1,4,6,4,1]) --> 1 4
islice()
islice(seq[, start], stop[, step]);返回序列seq的从start开始到stop结束的步长为step的元素的迭代器
for i in islice("abcdef", 0, 4, 2):#a, c
print i
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# product('ABCD', 'xy') --> Ax Ay Bx By Cx Cy Dx Dy
# product(range(2), repeat=3) --> 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
for i in product([1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7]):
print i
(1, 4, 6)
(1, 4, 7)
(1, 5, 6)
(1, 5, 7)
(2, 4, 6)
(2, 4, 7)
(2, 5, 6)
(2, 5, 7)
(3, 4, 6)
(3, 4, 7)
(3, 5, 6)
(3, 5, 7)
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for i in permutations([1, 2, 3], 3): print i (1, 2, 3) (1, 3, 2) (2, 1, 3) (2, 3, 1) (3, 1, 2) (3, 2, 1) |
for i in combinations([1, 2, 3], 2): print i (1, 2) (1, 3) (2, 3) combinations_with_replacement() |
for i in combinations_with_replacement([1, 2, 3], 2): print i (1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (2, 2) (2, 3) (3, 3) |
def get_three_data(data_list,amount):
for data in list(itertools.combinations(data_list, 3)):
if sum(data) == amount:
print(data)
#(7, 13, 15)
#(9, 11, 15)
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