介绍
itertools是python内置的模块,使用简单且功能强大,这里尝试汇总整理下,并提供简单应用示例;如果还不能满足你的要求,欢迎加入补充。
使用只需简单一句导入:import itertools
chain()
与其名称意义一样,给它一个列表如 lists/tuples/iterables,链接在一起;返回iterables对象。
letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'] booleans = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1] print(list(itertools.chain(letters,booleans))) # ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1] print(tuple(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:]))) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'd', 'e', 'f') print(set(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:]))) # {'a', 'd', 'b', 'e', 'c', 'f'} print(list(itertools.chain(letters,letters[3:]))) # ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'd', 'e', 'f'] for item in list(itertools.chain(letters,booleans)): print(item) |
i = 0 for item in itertools.count(100,2): i += 1 if i > 10 : break print(item) filterfalse () Python filterfalse(contintion,data) 迭代过滤条件为false的数据。如果条件为空,返回data中为false的项; booleans = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1] numbers = [23, 20, 44, 32, 7, 12] print(list(itertools.filterfalse(None,booleans))) # [0, 0, 0] print(list(itertools.filterfalse(lambda x : x < 20,numbers))) # [23, 20, 44, 32] |
print(list(itertools.compress(letters,booleans))) # ['a', 'c', 'f'] |
starmap(pow, [(2,5), (3,2), (10,3)]) --> 32 9 1000 >>> from itertools import * >>> x = starmap(max,[[5,14,5],[2,34,6],[3,5,2]]) >>> for i in x: >>> print (i) 14 34 5 repeat() repeat(object[, times]) 重复times次; repeat(10, 3) --> 10 10 10 dropwhile() dropwhile(func, seq );当函数f执行返回假时, 开始迭代序列 dropwhile(lambda x: x<5, [1,4,6,4,1]) --> 6 4 1 takewhile() takewhile(predicate, iterable);返回序列,当predicate为true是截止。 takewhile(lambda x: x<5, [1,4,6,4,1]) --> 1 4 islice() islice(seq[, start], stop[, step]);返回序列seq的从start开始到stop结束的步长为step的元素的迭代器 for i in islice("abcdef", 0, 4, 2):#a, c print i |
# product('ABCD', 'xy') --> Ax Ay Bx By Cx Cy Dx Dy # product(range(2), repeat=3) --> 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 for i in product([1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7]): print i (1, 4, 6) (1, 4, 7) (1, 5, 6) (1, 5, 7) (2, 4, 6) (2, 4, 7) (2, 5, 6) (2, 5, 7) (3, 4, 6) (3, 4, 7) (3, 5, 6) (3, 5, 7) |
for i in permutations([1, 2, 3], 3): print i (1, 2, 3) (1, 3, 2) (2, 1, 3) (2, 3, 1) (3, 1, 2) (3, 2, 1) |
for i in combinations([1, 2, 3], 2): print i (1, 2) (1, 3) (2, 3) combinations_with_replacement() |
for i in combinations_with_replacement([1, 2, 3], 2): print i (1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (2, 2) (2, 3) (3, 3) |
def get_three_data(data_list,amount): for data in list(itertools.combinations(data_list, 3)): if sum(data) == amount: print(data) #(7, 13, 15) #(9, 11, 15) |