请先允许我狠狠吐个槽:vue-socket.io相关中文博客实在太少太少,来来去去就那么几篇,教程也比较零散,版本也比较老,就算我有暴风式搜索还是找不到解决问题的方案,然后我怒了,开始看源码、写测试demo、几乎把相关的issues都看了一遍,折腾1天后终于。。。搞定了,下面总结一下~
考虑到很多小伙伴看完文章还是一头雾水或者无法复现方案,附加demo源码https://github.com/dreamsqin/demo-vue-socket.io一份,耗时一天~满意到话给我个start~感谢
前言
vue-socket.io其实是在socket.io-client基础上做了一层封装,将$socket挂载到vue实例上,同时你可以使用sockets对象轻松实现组件化的事件监听,让你在vue项目中使用起来更方便。我目前用的vue-socket.io:3.0.7,可以在其package.json中看到它依赖于socket.io-client:2.1.1。
我遇到的问题
websocket连接地址是从后端动态获取,所以导致页面加载时VueSocketIO实例还未创建,页面中通过this.$socket.emit发起订阅报错,同时无法找到vue实例的sockets对象(写在内部的事件将无法监听到,就算后面已经连接成功)
如果你的websocket连接地址是静态的(写死的),可以只看使用教程,如果你跟我遇到了同样的问题,那就跳跃到解决方案
console报错如下:

使用教程
先抛开可能遇到的问题,按照官网的教程我们走一遍:
安装
	
		
			| 1 | npm install vue-socket.io --save | 
	
引入(main.js)
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | import Vue from 'vue' import store from './store' import App from './App.vue' import VueSocketIO from 'vue-socket.io'   Vue.use(new VueSocketIO({     debug: true,     connection: 'http://metinseylan.com:1992',     vuex: {         store,         actionPrefix: 'SOCKET_',         mutationPrefix: 'SOCKET_'     },     options: { path: "/my-app/" } //Optional options }))   new Vue({     router,     store,     render: h => h(App) }).$mount('#app') | 
	
debug:生产环境建议关闭,开发环境可以打开,这样你就可以在控制台看到socket连接和事件监听的一些信息,例如下面这样:

connection:连接地址前缀,注意!这里只有前缀,我之前被坑过,因为明明后端有给我返回上下文,但莫名其妙的被去除了,vue-socket.io这里用到的是socket.io-client的Manager api,关键源码如下(只看我写中文备注的部分就好):
vue-socket.io(index.js)
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | import SocketIO from "socket.io-client"; export default class VueSocketIO {       /**      * lets take all resource      * @param io      * @param vuex      * @param debug      * @param options      */     constructor({connection, vuex, debug, options}){           Logger.debug = debug;         this.io = this.connect(connection, options); // 获取到你设定的参数后就调用了connect方法         this.useConnectionNamespace = (options && options.useConnectionNamespace);         this.namespaceName = (options && options.namespaceName);         this.emitter = new Emitter(vuex);         this.listener = new Listener(this.io, this.emitter);     }     /**    * registering SocketIO instance    * @param connection    * @param options    */   connect(connection, options) {     if (connection && typeof connection === "object") {       Logger.info(`Received socket.io-client instance`);       return connection;     } else if (typeof connection === "string") {       const io = SocketIO(connection, options);// 其实用的是socket.io-client的Manager API       Logger.info(`Received connection string`);       return (this.io = io);     } else {       throw new Error("Unsupported connection type");     }   } | 
	
socket.io-client(index.js)
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | var url = require('./url'); function lookup (uri, opts) {   if (typeof uri === 'object') {     opts = uri;     uri = undefined;   }     opts = opts || {};     var parsed = url(uri); // 通过url.js对connection前缀进行截取   var source = parsed.source;   var id = parsed.id;   var path = parsed.path;   var sameNamespace = cache[id] && path in cache[id].nsps;   var newConnection = opts.forceNew || opts['force new connection'] ||                       false === opts.multiplex || sameNamespace;     var io;     if (newConnection) {     debug('ignoring socket cache for %s', source);     io = Manager(source, opts);   } else {     if (!cache[id]) {       debug('new io instance for %s', source);       cache[id] = Manager(source, opts);     }     io = cache[id];   }   if (parsed.query && !opts.query) {     opts.query = parsed.query;   }   return io.socket(parsed.path, opts);// 实际调用的是解析后的前缀地址 } | 
	
options.path: 这里就可以填websocket连接地址的后缀,如果不填会被默认添加/socket.io,关键源码如下(只看我写中文备注的部分就好):
其他的options配置可以参见https://socket.io/docs/client-api/
socket.io-client(manager.js)
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | function Manager (uri, opts) {   if (!(this instanceof Manager)) return new Manager(uri, opts);   if (uri && ('object' === typeof uri)) {     opts = uri;     uri = undefined;   }   opts = opts || {};     opts.path = opts.path || '/socket.io'; // 看到没有,如果你不传递options.path参数的话会被默认安一个尾巴"/socket.io"   this.nsps = {};   this.subs = [];   this.opts = opts;   this.reconnection(opts.reconnection !== false);   this.reconnectionAttempts(opts.reconnectionAttempts || Infinity);   this.reconnectionDelay(opts.reconnectionDelay || 1000);   this.reconnectionDelayMax(opts.reconnectionDelayMax || 5000);   this.randomizationFactor(opts.randomizationFactor || 0.5);   this.backoff = new Backoff({     min: this.reconnectionDelay(),     max: this.reconnectionDelayMax(),     jitter: this.randomizationFactor()   });   this.timeout(null == opts.timeout ? 20000 : opts.timeout);   this.readyState = 'closed';   this.uri = uri;   this.connecting = [];   this.lastPing = null;   this.encoding = false;   this.packetBuffer = [];   var _parser = opts.parser || parser;   this.encoder = new _parser.Encoder();   this.decoder = new _parser.Decoder();   this.autoConnect = opts.autoConnect !== false;   if (this.autoConnect) this.open(); } | 
	
vuex: 配置后可以在store.js的mutations或者actions监听到Vue-Socket.io事件(例如:connect、disconnect、reconnect等),这部分目前用得比较少,也挺简单,如果有疑问可以给我留言我再单独提供教程。
使用(Page.vue)
注意:熟悉socket.io-client的应该知道,默认情况下,websocket在创建实例的时候就会自动发起连接了,所以切记不要在组件中重复发起连接。如果你想自己控制发起连接的时机可以将options.autoConnect设置为false。
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | export default {     name: 'Page',     sockets: {// 通过vue实例对象sockets实现组件中的事件监听       connect: function () {// socket的connect事件         console.log('socket connected from Page')       },       STREAM_STATUS(data) {// 后端按主题名推送的消息数据           console.log('Page:' + data)       }     },     mounted() {       console.log('page mounted')       this.$socket.emit('STREAM_STATUS', { subscribe: true })// 在页面加载时发起订阅,“STREAM_STATUS”是你跟后端约定好的主题名     }   } | 
	
事件除了在sockets对象中默认监听,你还可以在外部单独注册事件监听或取消注册:
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 | this.sockets.subscribe('EVENT_NAME', (data) => {     this.msg = data.message; });   this.sockets.unsubscribe('EVENT_NAME'); | 
	
但这种方式从源码上看是不支持参数传递的,只支持传递事件名及回调函数(部分源码如下):
vue-Socket.io(mixin.js)
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | beforeCreate(){         if(!this.sockets) this.sockets = {};           if (typeof this.$vueSocketIo === 'object') {             for (const namespace of Object.keys(this.$vueSocketIo)) {                 this.sockets[namespace] = {                     subscribe: (event, callback) => {                         this.$vueSocketIo[namespace].emitter.addListener(event, callback, this);                     },                     unsubscribe: (event) => {                         this.$vueSocketIo[namespace].emitter.removeListener(event, this);                     }                 }             }         } else {             this.$vueSocketIo.emitter.addListener(event, callback, this);             this.$vueSocketIo.emitter.removeListener(event, this);         }     } | 
	
解决方案
针对我上面描述的问题,最大原因就在于获取socket连接地址是异步请求,如文章开头的截图,page mounted打印时,this.$socket还是undefined。所以我们要做的就是怎么样让页面加载在VueSocketIO实例创建之后。
我提供两种解决方案,具体怎么选择看你们的需求~
保证拿到socket连接地址后再将vue实例挂载到app
缺点:如果你获取socket地址的请求失败了,整个项目的页面都加载不出来(一般服务器出现问题才会有这种情况产生)
优点:实现简单,一小段代码挪个位置就好
main.js
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | import Vue from 'vue' import App from './App.vue' import router from './router' import store from './store' import ParentApi from '@/api/Parent' import VueSocketIO from 'vue-socket.io'   /* 使用vue-socket.io */ ParentApi.getSocketUrl().then((res) => {     Vue.use(new VueSocketIO({         debug: false,         connection: res.data.path,         options: { path: '/my-project/socket.io' }     }))     new Vue({         router,         store,         render: h => h(App)     }).$mount('#app') }) | 
	
控制台打印如下图:

结合connect事件+store+路由守卫实现拦截
原理:异步请求回调中创建VueSocketIO实例并监听connect事件,监听回调中修改isSuccessConnect参数的值,在Page页面路由中增加beforeEnter守卫,利用setInterval周期性判断isSuccessConnect的值,满足条件则取消定时执行并路由跳转。
缺点:实现起来稍微复杂一点
优点:不会影响其他页面的加载
main.js
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | import Vue from 'vue' import App from './App.vue' import router from './router' import store from './store' import ParentApi from '@/api/Parent' import VueSocketIO from 'vue-socket.io'   ParentApi.getSocketUrl().then((res) => {   let vueSocketIo = new VueSocketIO({     debug: false,     connection: res.data.path,     options: { path: '/my-project/socket.io' }   })   // 监听connect事件,设置isSuccessConnect为true   vueSocketIo.io.on('connect', () => {     console.log('socket connect from main.js')     store.commit('newIsSuccessConnect', true)   })   Vue.use(vueSocketIo) })   new Vue({   router,   store,   render: h => h(App) }).$mount('#app') | 
	
store.js
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | import Vue from 'vue' import Vuex from 'vuex'   Vue.use(Vuex) export default new Vuex.Store({   state: {     // socket连接状态     isSuccessConnect: false   },   mutations: {     newIsSuccessConnect(state, value) {       state.isSuccessConnect = value     }   },   getters: {     getIsSuccessConnect: state => {       return state.isSuccessConnect     }   },   actions: {   } }) | 
	
router.js
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | import Vue from 'vue' import Router from 'vue-router' import store from './store'   Vue.use(Router)   export default new Router({   mode: 'history',   base: process.env.BASE_URL,   routes: [     {       path: '/page',       name: 'Page',       component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "Page" */ './pages/Page.vue'),       beforeEnter: (to, from, next) => {         let intervalId = setInterval(() => {          // 直到store中isSuccessConnect为true时才能进入/page           if (store.getters.getIsSuccessConnect) {             clearInterval(intervalId)             next()           }         }, 500)       }     }   ] }) | 
	
控制台打印如下图:

参考资料:
1、vue-socket.io:https://github.com/MetinSeylan/Vue-Socket.io
2、socket.io-client:https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client
3、vue-router守卫:https://router.vuejs.org/zh/guide/advanced/navigation-guards.html