javaScript实现浅拷贝与深拷贝的方法教程_F11 - 专业站长和开发者的学习网站

平时使用数组复制时，我们大多数会使用‘='，这只是浅拷贝，存在很多问题。比如

let arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
let arr2 = arr;
console.log(arr) //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
console.log(arr2) //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
arr[0] = 6;
console.log(arr) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
console.log(arr2) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
arr2[4] = 7;
console.log(arr) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 7]
console.log(arr2) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 7]

很明显，浅拷贝下，拷贝和被拷贝的数组会相互受到影响。所以，必须要有一种不受影响的方法，那就是深拷贝。

深拷贝的实现方式有很多种。

一、for循环实现深拷贝

//for循环copy
function copy(arr) {
    let cArr = []
    for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
      cArr.push(arr[i])
    }
    return cArr;
}
let arr3 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr4 = copy(arr3) //[1,2,3,4]
console.log(arr4) //[1,2,3,4]
arr3[0] = 5;
console.log(arr3) //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr4) //[1,2,3,4]

二、slice方法实现深拷贝

//slice实现深拷贝
let arr5 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr6 = arr5.slice(0);
arr5[0] = 5;
console.log(arr5); //[5,2,3,4]

三、concat实现深拷贝

//concat实现深拷贝
let arr7 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr8 = arr7.concat();
arr7[0] = 5;
console.log(arr7); //[5,2,3,4]

四、es6扩展运算实现深拷贝

//es6扩展运算实现深拷贝
let arr9 = [1,2,3,4];
let [...arr10] = arr9;
arr9[0] = 5;
console.log(arr9) //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr10) //[1,2,3,4]

五、对象的循环深拷贝

//  循环copy对象
let obj = {
    id:'0',
    name:'king',
    sex:'man'
}
let obj2 = copy2(obj)
function copy2(obj) {
    let cObj = {};
    for(var key in obj){
      cObj[key] = obj[key]
    }
    return cObj
}
console.log(obj) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}
console.log(obj2) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

六、对象转换成json实现深拷贝

//转换成json
let obj3 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
console.log(obj3) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

七、es6扩展运算实现深拷贝

let {...obj4}= obj
console.log(obj4) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

八、通用深拷贝

var clone = function (v) {
    var o = v.constructor === Array ? [] : {};
    for(var i in v){
      o[i] = typeof v[i] === "object" ? clone(v[i]) : v[i];
    }
    return o;
}

总结：深刻理解javascript的深浅拷贝，可以灵活的运用数组，并且可以避免很多bug。