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                                  0. 引言本章主要讲解如何做一个简易的猜数游戏,分为用户猜数和系统猜数。 前置芝士: 「C++小游戏教程」基本技巧(1)——随机化 1. 用户猜数系统想好一个在 [ 1 , 100 ] [1,100][1,100] 之间的整数,由用户来猜数,而系统只能回答“过大”“过小”“正确”。 1-1. 设置答案数与猜测数使用随机数来随机一个 [ 1 , 100 ] [1,100][1,100] 的整数,猜测数初始设置为 − 1 -1−1。 
	
		
			| 1 2 | srand(time(0)); int x=-1,ans=rand()%100+1; |  1-2. 系统说明要求与读入数字让系统讲清楚每次猜的数字的范围。然后就直接让用户输入数字。
 
	
		
			| 1 2 | printf("I have a number from 1 to 100. Please have a guess: "); scanf("%d",&x); |  1-3. 累计猜测次数与判断数字记一个变量tms,每次加一。 判断分为四种情况: 1.当x∉[1,100] 时,抛出错误。 
	
		
			| 1 | if(x<1||x>100) puts("The number is error."); |  2.当x>ans 时,说明数字过大,输出。 
	
		
			| 1 | else if(x>ans) puts("The number is larger than my number!"); |  3.当x<ans 时,类似,数字过小,输出。 
	
		
			| 1 | else if(x<ans) puts("The number is smaller than my number!"); |  4.当x=ans 时,正确,提示输出。 
	
		
			| 1 | else puts("Oh, you are right!"); |  外层的循环条件,只要x≠ans时,就执行。 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 | while(x!=ans) {     ... } |  1-4. 输出猜测次数输出tms 并终止。 
	
		
			| 1 | printf("You guessed it %d times.",tms); |  完整代码: 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;   int main() {     srand(time(0));     int x=-1,ans=rand()%100+1,tms=0;     while(x!=ans)     {         printf("I have a number from 1 to 100. Please have a guess: ");         scanf("%d",&x);         tms++;         if(x<1||x>100) puts("The number is error.");         else if(x>ans) puts("The number is larger than my number!");         else if(x<ans) puts("The number is smaller than my number!");         else puts("Oh, you are right!");     }     printf("You guessed it %d times.",tms);     return 0; } |  效果: 
 2. 系统猜数,但是是进化史用户想好一个[1,100] 范围的数,让系统猜。太大输入L,太小输入S,正确输入R。 有了上面的操作,我们让系统猜,写起来整体还是很简单的,但是要让系统聪明些。 先摆出程序框架: 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 | #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;   int main() {     srand(time(0));     puts("Please think a number from 1 to 100. And then I'll guess it.");     puts("If I guess right, you should say \"R\"(Right).");     puts("If my guess is too large, you should say \"L\"(Large).");     puts("If my guess is too small, you should say \"S\"(Small).");     puts("DON'T TELL A LIE!\n");     char c='\0';     int tms=0;     while(c!='R')     {         //...         printf("I guess the number is %d.Is it right(R, L or S)? ",/*...*/);         scanf("%c%*c",&c);         tms++;         if(c=='R') break;         //...     }     printf("I guess it %d times!",tms);     return 0; } |  2-1. 代码 v1.0——我会瞎猜!系统只会瞎猜: 
	
		
			| 1 | printf("I guess the number is %d.Is it right(R, L or S)? ",rand()%100+1); |  效果显著: 
 为系统坚持不懈的精神点赞! 2-2. 代码 v2.0——我会缩小范围!显然,我们可以每一次缩小猜测范围。 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | char c='\0'; int tms=0,l=1,r=100; while(c!='R') {     int t=rand()%(r-l+1)+l;     printf("I guess the number is %d. Is it right(R, L or S)? ",t);     scanf("%c%*c",&c);     tms++;     if(c=='R') break;     if(c=='L') r=t;     if(c=='S') l=t; } |  效率提升了: 
 系统:我是最快的! 2-3. 代码 v3.0——我会清白!Never gonna tell a lie and hurt you~ 前面的程序判定不了我们在说谎,因此我们可以就 v2.0 添加一些东西(当l≥r 时必定不合法)。 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | char c='\0'; int tms=0,l=1,r=100; while(c!='R') {     int t=rand()%(r-l+1)+l;     printf("I guess the number is %d. Is it right(R, L or S)? ",t);     scanf("%c%*c",&c);     tms++;     if(c=='R') break;     if(c=='L') r=t;     if(c=='S') l=t;     if(l>=r)     {         puts("You told a lie!");         return 0;     } } |  聪明多了: 
 2-4. 代码 v4.0——我会二分!没错,就是众望所归的二分。 改动这个即可: rand():要我有何用? 如果还是猜50,效果: 
 计算机:惊不惊喜,意不意外! But——《1 times》! 稍微改改即可,这里作者就不改了懒得改。 最终代码: 
	
		
			| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;   int main() {     puts("Please think a number from 1 to 100. And then I'll guess it.");     puts("If I guess right, you should say \"R\"(Right).");     puts("If my guess is too large, you should say \"L\"(Large).");     puts("If my guess is too small, you should say \"S\"(Small).");     puts("DON'T TELL A LIE!\n");     char c='\0';     int tms=0,l=1,r=100;     while(c!='R')     {         int t=l+r>>1;         printf("I guess the number is %d. Is it right(R, L or S)? ",t);         scanf("%c%*c",&c);         tms++;         if(c=='R') break;         if(c=='L') r=t;         if(c=='S') l=t;         if(l>=r)         {             puts("You told a lie!");             return 0;         }     }     printf("I guess it %d times!",tms);     return 0; } |  
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