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pip install pyserial

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import serial

# 基础示例：打开 COM3，波特率 9600

ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600)

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ser = serial.Serial(

    port='COM3',                    # Windows端口，Linux下如 '/dev/ttyUSB0'

    baudrate=9600,                 # 波特率

    bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,     # 数据位，默认为8

    parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,     # 校验位，默认为无

    stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,  # 停止位，默认为1

    timeout=1                      # 读超时时间（秒），None为阻塞读取，0为非阻塞

)

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ser.write(b'Hello, World!')  # 发送字节数据

ser.write("Hello\r\n".encode('utf-8'))  # 将字符串编码为字节后发送

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data = ser.read(10)           # 读取10个字节

line = ser.readline()          # 读取一行，直到换行符

bytes_waiting = ser.in_waiting # 获取接收缓冲区中的字节数

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ser.close()

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import serial.tools.list_ports

ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()

for port in ports:

    print(f"设备: {port.device}, 描述: {port.description}")

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with serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1) as ser:

    ser.write(b'AT\r\n')

    response = ser.readline()

    print(response.decode('utf-8'))

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import threading

import time

def read_from_port(ser):

    while True:

        if ser.in_waiting > 0:

            data = ser.readline().decode('utf-8').strip()

            print(f"收到: {data}")

def main():

    ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1)

    read_thread = threading.Thread(target=read_from_port, args=(ser,))

    read_thread.daemon = True  # 设置为守护线程，主程序退出时自动结束

    read_thread.start()

    # 主线程可以处理发送或其他逻辑

    while True:

        message = input("输入要发送的消息 (输入quit退出): ")

        if message.lower() == 'quit':

            break

        ser.write((message + '\r\n').encode('utf-8'))

    ser.close()

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import serial

import serial.tools.list_ports

def list_available_ports():

    """列出所有可用串口"""

    ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()

    if not ports:

        print("未找到可用串口设备。")

        return None

    print("可用串口设备：")

    for idx, port in enumerate(ports):

        print(f"  [{idx}] {port.device} - {port.description}")

    return ports

def main():

    # 1. 列出并选择端口

    available_ports = list_available_ports()

    if not available_ports:

        return

    port_index = int(input("请选择要打开的串口编号: "))

    selected_port = available_ports[port_index].device

    # 2. 配置并打开串口

    try:

        with serial.Serial(

            port=selected_port,

            baudrate=9600,

            bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,

            parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,

            stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,

            timeout=2  # 设置读取超时为2秒

        ) as ser:

            print(f"串口 {ser.name} 已成功打开。")

            # 3. 发送数据

            send_data = b'Hello from Python!\r\n'

            ser.write(send_data)

            print(f"已发送: {send_data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').strip()}")

            # 4. 尝试读取数据

            if ser.in_waiting:

                received_data = ser.read(ser.in_waiting)

                print(f"接收到原始数据: {received_data}")

                try:

                    print(f"解码后: {received_data.decode('utf-8')}")

                except UnicodeDecodeError:

                    print("数据无法用UTF-8解码，可能为二进制数据。")

            else:

                print("未接收到数据。")

    except serial.SerialException as e:

        print(f"串口操作出错: {e}")

    except KeyboardInterrupt:

        print("\n程序被用户中断。")

    except Exception as e:

        print(f"发生未知错误: {e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main()